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We report on 12 continuous years of GPS telemetry monitoring of large carnivore populations in the Maasai Mara–Serengeti ecosystem, Kenya. Data from 62 GPS-collared individuals across five species (lion, cheetah, leopard, African wild dog, spotted hyena) reveal consistent patterns of population change driven by corridor availability, prey density, and human land use intensity. Lion population declined 8% over the study period, while African wild dog numbers recovered from 3 packs (23 individuals) in 2010 to 8 packs (68 individuals) in 2022 following improved corridor connectivity. Prey availability emerged as the primary driver of carnivore space use, with GPS cluster analysis revealing 23 distinct kill sites. Our results highlight the critical importance of maintaining connectivity between the Mara National Reserve and adjacent pastoral lands for carnivore population viability.

Using 10 years of GPS tracking data from 34 elephants in the Amboseli–Tsavo ecosystem, we demonstrate that corridor availability is the primary determinant of population-level movement patterns and calving success. Elephants using intact corridor segments showed 31% higher calving rates than those using fragmented routes, controlling for prey availability and season. Home range sizes contracted by 42% in individuals whose primary corridor was blocked by fence or cultivation. Our findings provide quantitative evidence for the policy case for statutory corridor protection and have informed the National Wildlife Corridors Conservation Strategy 2022–2030.

We characterised the genetic diversity and population structure of Kenya's entire black rhinoceros population (n=1,014) across 12 sanctuary sites using 18 microsatellite loci. Mean expected heterozygosity (He=0.62) was within the range of other managed rhinoceros populations but showed evidence of inbreeding depression in four sanctuaries with small effective population sizes (<20 individuals). We identify seven genetically distinct management units and provide recommendations for individual transfers to maximise genetic diversity while maintaining population viability across the sanctuary network. Our genotype database (n=6,843 individuals including historical samples) now provides baseline data for forensic identification of poached animals.

We synthesise 8 years of predator-livestock conflict monitoring data from 340 households across the Laikipia Plateau, Kenya, integrating household survey data, camera trap detection records, and GPS carnivore location data to identify spatial and temporal conflict drivers and evaluate mitigation effectiveness. Conflict was significantly predicted by cattle density, proximity to lion pride home ranges, and boma construction quality. Reinforced boma enclosures reduced livestock loss by 74% (95% CI: 62–82%), while early warning SMS systems reduced response time from 48 to 6 hours on average. Our results provide practical evidence for nationally scalable HWC mitigation and informed the National HWC Mitigation Framework 2023.

We present the first national GIS assessment of wildlife corridor priority in Kenya, integrating GPS tracking data from 48 species across 1,840 GPS-collared individuals with habitat suitability modelling, land use datasets, and connectivity analysis using Circuitscape to identify 24 priority corridors across Kenya's major ecosystems. Fourteen corridors were classified as highest priority based on combined criteria of species movement frequency, habitat quality, and current land use threat. The Amboseli–Tsavo corridor emerged as Kenya's highest-priority single corridor based on the breadth of species utilisation and severity of existing fragmentation. These findings informed the Kenya Wildlife Corridors Conservation Strategy 2022–2030.

Annual assessment of Kenya's national biodiversity index, documenting ecosystem health scores across savanna, forest, wetland, arid, coastal, and highland biomes using WRTI's standardised monitoring protocols. The 2023 assessment records a 2.1-point decline in savanna biodiversity — the largest single-year decline since the index was established in 2010 — driven primarily by habitat fragmentation in three priority corridors and exacerbated by the 2022 drought recovery lag. The national index score of 64.2/100 remains above the critical threshold of 60.0, but the declining trend requires urgent policy response. Forest and wetland biomes showed marginal improvement (+0.4 and +0.8 points respectively).